Montenegro’s railway infrastructure (ŽICG) faces several challenges in the modernization and reconstruction of its railway network. These challenges include outdated infrastructure, a shortage of skilled labor, and limited financial resources. Dragan Radević, Assistant Executive Director for Investments and Foreign Investments at ŽICG, explained that one of the main issues is the age of the existing railway network, built decades ago to standards that differ significantly from current European Union (EU) norms.
He noted that infrastructure projects, especially tunnels and bridges, are particularly challenging. These require complex works to meet modern standards, such as the Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI), including safety systems, ventilation, and fire protection.
Radević provided the example of the Sozina Tunnel, the longest tunnel on the Belgrade–Bar railway line, which is part of the reconstruction plan for the Golubovci–Bar section. He mentioned that, although grant funding has been secured for the main project through the Western Balkans Investment Framework (WBIF), the current tunnel profile does not meet the basic TSI requirements. If adapting the existing tunnel proves unfeasible, ŽICG is considering the possibility of building a new tunnel, with the current tunnel used for service purposes.
The introduction of the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) is another challenge, as it requires changes in legislation, technical standards, and operational procedures, as well as adjustments to locomotives and staff training. This system is essential to ensure interoperability and the safe operation of the railway system according to European standards.
Radević explained that harmonizing legislation with EU directives is a complex process that requires strengthening administrative capacities and close cooperation with European institutions. While international support is significant, the required investments for full modernization exceed current resources, requiring a strategic approach, gradual steps, and ongoing collaboration with international partners.
Regarding the management of large infrastructure projects, particularly those co-financed by the EU, Radević emphasized their importance for ŽICG and the broader social and political context. These projects are complex and require detailed planning, significant financial resources, and additional oversight. The goal is to improve the reliability and quality of the railway infrastructure, including the reconstruction of key facilities and the installation of modern signaling systems, marking the first application of TSI-defined standards within the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T).
Radević mentioned ongoing activities such as the main project for the reconstruction of the Podgorica–border with Albania line, the development of energy facilities, and video surveillance systems. The financial agreement between the government and the European Investment Bank (EIB) has secured €75 million for the reconstruction of 13 steel bridges, 8 tunnels, and 20 kilometers of track between Lutovo–Bratonožići–Bioče.
Radević also announced that tenders for the reconstruction of three steel bridges were launched in October, with offers expected by the end of January. Other tenders will be published after the tender documentation is finalized, with work expected to begin in the middle of this year.
Additionally, ŽICG is planning a project to acquire maintenance machinery for the railway infrastructure, valued at €11 million, funded by a loan from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). This project aims to enhance the safety and efficiency of railway operations.
On the Golubovci–Bar section reconstruction, Radević noted that the Western Balkans Investment Framework (WBIF) had approved €112.62 million for the project, with the final credit arrangement expected to be signed this year. There are still open questions regarding the work to be done in the Skadar Lake National Park area, which will require input from relevant authorities.
Radević also mentioned the Niksic–Capljina railway project, which is still in the planning stage. The project is important for regional connectivity and economic cooperation. Although the initial documentation dates back to 2008, it needs updating to meet current standards and technological requirements.
Regarding the joint border station in Bijelo Polje, Radević highlighted the modernization efforts, including collaboration between the relevant authorities of Montenegro and Serbia. The goal was to streamline the process for both passengers and goods, reduce administrative barriers, and speed up inspections. As a result, the modernized station is now fully operational with joint work by railway, customs, and police services from both countries.
Radević emphasized the critical role of international partnerships in the modernization of Montenegro’s railway infrastructure. These partnerships provide not only necessary financial support but also technical expertise to help implement large-scale infrastructure projects.
